What is hybrid engine technology

What is Hybrid engine:-

Meaning of hybrid engine:-

Do you know what a hybrid car technology ? A hybrid car needs to combine at least one electric motor with a gasoline engine, and its system drains energy through regenerative braking.

Sometimes the electric motor does all the work, sometimes it runs with a gas engine, and sometimes they work together. The result is that less petrol is burnt and, therefore, achieving better fuel economy. Adding electric power can boost performance in some cases.

What is hybrid engine technology.

With all of them, the power comes from a high-voltage battery pack (different from the car's traditional 12-volt battery) that is replenished by capturing energy from the deceleration that would normally be lost by the heat generated by the brakes in conventional cars is. (This is through regenerative braking system)

Hybrids also use gas engines to charge and maintain batteries. Car companies use different hybrid designs to accomplish different missions, ranging from maximum fuel savings to keeping vehicle costs as low as possible.

Type of Hybrid Engine:-

1. Parallel Hybrid:-

In this most common design, the electric motor (s) and gasoline engine are connected in a common transmission that mixes the two power sources. That transmission can be an automatic, a manual or a Continuous Variable Transmission (CVT).

A very popular hybrid transmission is the power-split CVT, used by the Toyota Prius and Chevrolet Volt. Transmission type and gasoline engine size are the main factors that determine how a parallel hybrid will accelerate, sound and feel.

Brands that use a parallel design include Toyota, Lexus, Hyundai, Kia, Ford, Honda, Lincoln, Nissan, and Infiniti.

2. Series Hybrid:-

In this design, the electric motor (s) provides all the thrust, and there is never a physical mechanical relationship between the engine and the wheels. The petrol engine is only for recharging the battery. This gives a driving experience that is more indicative of an electric car, with smoother, powerful acceleration.

There is usually less vibration when a gasoline engine is attached. However, this engagement is not always in concert with what your right leg is doing (remember, the battery is demanding), so the engine may be exposed while the car is cruising at a steady pace.

Some find this behavior dull. An example is the BMW i3 Series Hybrid with Range Extender.

3. Series parallel hybrid:-

The series parallel hybrid has both series and parallel hybrid quality.

4. Plug-In Hybrid:-

The plug-in hybrid extends the traditional hybrid concept with a much larger battery pack that, like an electric car, must be fully recharged using an external power source - from your home, office, or public charging station.

This greater amount of energy storage is like a large gas tank: it allows extended all-electric driving (between 15 and 55 miles depending on the model) and can significantly reduce fuel consumption.

In fact, if you have short commutes and night recharges, you will be electrocuted most of the time. Should you cater to the all-electric range, the car basically honors being a traditional parallel hybrid.

The Chrysler Pacific Plug-in Hybrid (shown above) is an example of the plug-in breed. Plug-in hybrids can be either a series or a parallel hybrid.

In other words The Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle have a short name which one is PHEV. This is also known as series hybrids. It have both sources of energy engine and motor. This vehicle available in fuels, conventional fuel (such as petrol) or alternative fuel (such as bio-diesel).

It is also have a rechargeable battery pack. The battery can be charged externally by giving electricity supply from home, office and anywhere, where 240 Volt electricity flows.

Mode of Working of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

This kind of vehicle generally works into two mode.

1. Electric Mode:- All-electric Mode, in which the motor and battery provide all the car’s energy.

2. Hybrid Mode:- Hybrid Mode, in which both electricity and petrol/diesel are used.

Working Components of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

1. Electric Motor:- It helps to run the vehicle by the electric energy.

2. Engine:- It helps to run the vehicle by the fuel or chemical energy.

plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicle

3. Inverter:- Inverter helps to convert DC current into the AC current.

4. Battery:- Battery used to store the electric energy for the vehicle.

5. Fuel Tank:- Fuel tank is used to store the fuel.

6. Control Module:- The Control module is works like a brain of the vehicle. It control on the all functioning of the vehicle.

7. Battery Charger:- The Battery charger is used to recharge the battery like a smart phone.

Working Principles of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle start-up in all-electric mode and make use of electricity until their battery pack is depleted. Once the battery gets drained, the engine takes over, and the vehicle operates as a conventional, non-plug-in hybrid. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle can be charged by plugging into an outside electric power source, engine, or regenerative braking. When brakes are applied, the electric motor acts as a generator, using the energy to charge the battery. The engine’s power is supplemented by the electric motor; as a result, smaller engines can be used, increasing the car’s fuel efficiency without compromising performance.

Examples of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

1. Porsche Cayenne S E-Hybrid.

2. BMW 330e.

3. Porsche Panamera S E-hybrid.

4. Chevy Volt.

5. Chrysler Pacifica.

6. Ford C-Max Energy.

7. Mercedes C350e.

plug-in-hybrid-electric-vehicle

Advantage of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

1. According to the requirements we can use it on the fuel energy or electric energy.

2. Low maintenance as compared to regular vehicle.

3. Low cost as compared to regular vehicle.

Description of Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

The Hybrid Electric Vehicle have a short name which one is HEVs. The Hybrid Electric Vehicle is basically available into two variants the first one is series hybrid and second one is parallel hybrid. According to its name the Hybrid Electric Vehicle have both engine and electric motor. The engine generate energy from fuel, and the motor electricity energy from batteries. The transmission is rotated simultaneously by both engine and electric motor due to which the drives transmit till the wheels and vehicle moves forward and reverse as per required.

Working parts of Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

1. Engine:- The engine generate energy by using fuel for giving drive to the vehicle.

2. Electric Motor:- The electric motor helps to drive vehicle by using electric energy.

3. Battery pack:- The battery pack is used to store the electricity in DC (direct current) formation.

4. Controller:- The controller works as a ECM (electronic control module) it control the all functioning of vehicle and engine also.

5. Inverter:- The inverter used to convert the DC (direct current) into the AC (alternative current).

6. Fuel tank:- As usual fuel tank is used to store the fuel.

hybrid-electric-vehicle

Working Principles of Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

When used fuel than the hybrid electric vehicle works like a regular car, in this condition the fuel supplies from fuel tank to the engine and engine generate the energy for drive the vehicle. But when the hybrid electric vehicle runs on the battery mode then DC current from battery pack goes to the inverter and convert into the AC current by the inverter thanafter the AC current goes to the motor and motor gets start work. The motor gives drive to the transmission and the same goes to till the wheel and vehicle moves forward and reverse according to the requirements. There is a another advantage is that we can also used both fuel and battery mode together in the hybrid electric vehicle.

Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

1. Honda Accord Hybrid Electric vehicle:-

The Japanese automobile company Honda launched its hybrid electric vehicle as a competitor of the Toyota Camry, the Accord only comes in a hybrid version and in is sold in India as a completely built unit (CBU).

2. Mahindra e2oPlus Hybrid Electric vehicle:-

Mahindra and Mahindra is the largest Indian automobile company which only selling electric four-wheelers in India. While the journey of electric vehicle was started than the Mahindra and Mahindra comes with two-door Mahindra e2o (previously know as Reva e2o) but the company has now replaced with best and bigger four-door Mahindra e2oPlus electric hatchback which was launched in India in October 2016.

hybrid-electric-vehicle

3. Mahindra eVerito Hybrid Electric vehicle:-

After e20Plus the Mahindra and Mahindra company was launched the second electric passenger car is the eVerito. It built on the sedan platform, the eVerito is powered by the same electric motor as the e2oPlus that comes with a 72V battery pack. In fact, the power and torque are also the same at 40 bhp and 91 Nm respectively.

4. Toyota Camry Hybrid Electric vehicle:-

The Toyota Camry is one of the best hybrid electric vehicle in India. The Camry comes in both petrol and hybrid models and it is the latter the has accounted for 70 per cent of the car's sales in India. The Camry hybrid is not a plug-in hybrid but has been the bread winner for Toyota in this segment. It is powered by the company's DOHC VVT-i 2.5-litre petrol unit paired to an electric motor. The output tally of the hybrid system stands at 202bhp; 158bhp from the petrol motor, and 44bhp from the electric motor

5. Volvo XC90 T8 Plug-In Hybrid Electric vehicle:-

The Volvo company is launched the Plug-In Hybrid version of the XC90 in India and well, it was the first SUV of its kind to hit the Indian shores.

hybrid-electric-vehicle

Advantage of Hybrid Electric Vehicle:-

1. According to the requirements we can use it on the fuel energy or electric energy.

2. Low maintenance as compared to regular vehicle.

3. Low cost as compared to regular vehicle.

Description of Battery Electric Vehicle:-

The Battery Electric Vehicle's short name is "BEV's" and it is also known as All-Electric Vehicles (AEV). Battery Electric Vehicles is running on technology of lithium-ion battery for generating power to drive the vehicle. The electricity is stored into a large size battery pack for giving drive to vehicle and this battery charged like a mobile phone via method of plug and charge. This charge battery pack gives electric power to vehicle for drive it.

Working Parts of Battery Electric Vehicle:-

1. Electric motor:- To giving drive to the vehicle and operated by battery pack.

2. Inverter:- Helps to charge battery pack and also convert electricity from AC to DC.

3. Battery:- It is used to store electricity and also give power to the electric motor.

4. Control Module:- For controlling and monitoring of working of all components of the vehicle.

5. Drive train:- It transfer drive which is comes from electrical motor to the wheels.

battery-electric-vehicle

Working Principles of Battery Electrical Vehicle:-

After switching on the electric motor the DC (direct current) power of battery is converted into AC (alternative current). When the accelerator is pressed by the driver thanafter a signal is generated and the same signal sent to the controller. After receiving signal the controller measure the frequency of the AC current and adjusts the speed of the vehicle with the help of invertor motor. The motor then connects and leads to the turning of wheels through a cog. If the brakes are pressed, or the electric car is decelerating, the motor becomes an alternator and produces power, which is sent back to the battery this process known as Re-generating braking system.

Examples of Battery Electric Vehicle:-

Morris Garages ZS, TATA Nexon, TATA Tigor, Mahindra E20 plus etc.

Advantage of Battery Electric Vehicle:-

1. Low maintenance.

2. No need any type of fuel like petrol, diesel, LPG, CNG etc.

3. Low cost vehicle.

4. Pollution free vehicle.

5. Eco friendly vehicle.

battery-electric-vehicle

Dis-advantage of Battery Electric Vehicle:-

1. The wastage of Lithium - ion battery is very danger for the humans.

In nova day there are many electrical vehicles are available into the market, because the automotive sector is a large sector of the industries and also this is a high compaction industry so every company want to build a best vehicle but now the fuel prices is continue increased so people are moving to electric vehicle. thats why we wrote this article for you and shared few information about battery electric vehicle. If you like this information and want to share your opinion so please comment us.

5. Mild Hybrid:-

All of the above are considered "complete hybrids", meaning that the electric motor is capable of pushing the car ahead of itself, even if it is for a short distance. In "mild" hybrids, this cannot happen.

Just as in a full hybrid, a light hybrid has an electric motor to aid gasoline engines to improve fuel economy, increase performance, or both. It also serves as a starter for the automatic start-stop system, which turns the engine off when the car rests to save fuel.

Originally conceived as a simple and inexpensive means of bringing hybrid technology to market, light hybrids do not improve fuel economy to the extent that a full hybrid system can. As such, he never enjoyed the same popularity.

More recently, however, lightweight hybrid power trains are making a comeback as evidence of the adoption of the 48-volt electrical subsystem in vehicles such as the Ram 1500, Mercedes-Benz E-Class, and Audi A6, A7, and A8.

Actually, car companies are now applying mild-hybrid technology to just about every new model. In the not too distant future, "What is a hybrid?" Well "everything" can happen.

6. Micro hybrid:-

The micro hybrid technology is not a hybrid. This technology only use the kinetic energy for battery charging. When apply the brake than because of the kinetic energy wheel drum getting hot and kinetic energy convert into heat energy, and this heat energy is released into atmosphere. But in micro hybrid technology use this heat energy for battery charging and battery is used for does some work of engine.

Component of Hybrid technology / car:-

There are some components used for hybrid technology which are as follows-

1. Battery:-

In an electric drive vehicle, auxiliary battery traction provides power to start the car before the battery is engaged and also provides vehicle accessories.

2. DC Converter:-

This device converts high-voltage DC power from traction battery packs to low-voltage DC power, which is required to drive vehicle accessories and recharge auxiliary batteries.

3. Electric Generator:-

Generates power from rotating wheels while braking, transferring that energy back to the traction battery pack. Some vehicles use motor generators that perform drive and regeneration functions.

4. Electric Traction Motor:-

Using electric power from a traction battery pack, it drives the wheels of the vehicle. Some vehicles use motor generators that perform drive and regeneration functions.

5. Exhaust System:-

The exhaust system expels exhaust gases from the engine through the tailpipe. A three-way catalyst is designed to reduce engine-out emissions within the exhaust system.

6. Fuel Filler:-

Connects the receptacle to the vehicle to fill a nozzle tank with a high-pressure dispenser.

7. Fuel Tank:-

This tank stores petrol on the vehicle until it is needed by the engine.

8. Internal Combustion Engine:-

In this configuration, fuel is either injected into the intake manifold or the combustion chamber, where it is combined with air, and the air / fuel mixture from the spark plug is ignited by the spark.

9. Power Electronic Control:-

This unit manages the flow of electric energy delivered by the traction battery, which controls the speed of the electric traction motor and produces torque.

10. Thermal System:-

This system maintains a reasonable operating temperature range of engines, electric motors, power electronics and other components.

11. Traction Battery Pack:-

Electric traction stores electricity for use by motor.

12. Transmission:-

Transmission transfers mechanical power from the engine and / or electric traction motor to drive wheels.

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What is hybrid engine technology